Mijdar Inscription

This is one of the oldest dated Islamic inscriptions ever discovered, dated to the death of the second caliph ʻUmar in year 24 AH / 642 CE.

This inscription constitutes a crucial document for the history of the AlUla region, the development of the Arabic script, and the early beginnings of Islam. It is one of the earliest Islamic dated texts. It employs the Hijri era and refers to the death of the second caliph, ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (634–644).

Accordingly, this inscription stands as the first secure contemporary attestation of ʻUmar.